📖 Music Theory
Basics
Intervals
Chord Construction
Scales & Modes
Progressions
Functions
🎵 Music Basics
All 12 notes in Western music.
Note Names
| Letter | Solfège | Number | Freq (Hz) |
|---|---|---|---|
| C | Do | 1 | 261.63 |
| D | Re | 2 | 293.66 |
| E | Mi | 3 | 329.63 |
| F | Fa | 4 | 349.23 |
| G | Sol | 5 | 392.00 |
| A | La | 6 | 440.00 |
| B | Si/Ti | 7 | 493.88 |
Enharmonic
C# = Db, D# = Eb, F# = Gb, G# = Ab, A# = Bb
📏 Intervals
Distance between two notes.
| Interval | Semitones | Example | Sound Quality |
|---|---|---|---|
| Unison | 0 | C→C | Same note |
| Minor 2nd | 1 | C→C# | Tense |
| Major 2nd | 2 | C→D | Slightly tense |
| Minor 3rd | 3 | C→Eb | Sad |
| Major 3rd | 4 | C→E | Happy |
| Perfect 4th | 5 | C→F | Open |
| Tritone | 6 | C→F# | Very tense |
| Perfect 5th | 7 | C→G | Powerful |
| Minor 6th | 8 | C→Ab | Bittersweet |
| Major 6th | 9 | C→A | Warm |
| Minor 7th | 10 | C→Bb | Bluesy |
| Major 7th | 11 | C→B | Dreamy |
| Octave | 12 | C→C | Complete |
🎹 Chord Construction
Triads
Major
1-3-5 (0-4-7)
CEG
Minor
1-♭3-5 (0-3-7)
CE♭G
Diminished
1-♭3-♭5 (0-3-6)
CE♭G♭
Augmented
1-3-#5 (0-4-8)
CEG#
7th Chords
Major 7
1-3-5-7 (0-4-7-11)
CEGB
Dominant 7
1-3-5-♭7 (0-4-7-10)
CEGB♭
Minor 7
1-♭3-5-♭7 (0-3-7-10)
CE♭GB♭
Dim 7
1-♭3-♭5-♭♭7 (0-3-6-9)
CE♭G♭A
🎼 Scales & Modes
Key:
7 Church Modes
Ionian (Major)
W-W-H-W-W-W-H
Bright, happy
Dorian
W-H-W-W-W-H-W
Jazzy, soulful
Phrygian
H-W-W-W-H-W-W
Spanish, exotic
Lydian
W-W-W-H-W-W-H
Dreamy, floating
Mixolydian
W-W-H-W-W-H-W
Bluesy, rock
Aeolian (Minor)
W-H-W-W-H-W-W
Sad, melancholic
Locrian
H-W-W-H-W-W-W
Unstable, dark
🔄 Chord Progressions
Key:
⚡ Chord Functions
Chords serve different roles in creating musical tension and resolution.
Tonic (T): I, vi
Home - stable and resolved.
Subdominant (S): IV, ii
Movement away from home.
Dominant (D): V, vii°
Maximum tension - wants to resolve to tonic.